Aboriginal Australian Timeline
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Aboriginal Australians is a western term for the people who are from the Australian mainland and many of its islands, such as Tasmania, Fraser Island, Hinchinbrook Island, the Tiwi Islands, and Groote Eylandt, but excluding the Torres Strait Islands.
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1770
In 1970, the British crown claimed possession of the east coast of Australia by Captain James Cooke
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1788
The first conflict/dispute between the Indigenous Australians and Captain Cooke occurs.
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1803
1803 The Black Wars of Tasmania happened. They lasted from 1803 to the early 1830s and 600 Indigenous Australians and over 200 white settlers die.
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1838
A massacre occurs as 12 colonists round up and brutally kill 28 natives. This event is later named the ‘Myall Creek Massacre’.
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1888
The Indigenous population goes from 220,000 to an estimated 80,000. The government's main task at hand is banning all non-Caucasian people from coming to Australia. And the phrase "white australia" is introduced.
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1897
A new position in government called the "cheif protectior". The government passes a law stating that the chief protector is allowed to hold indigenous children in dormitories and move aboriginals to reserves.
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1905
The cheif protector is officially the legal guardian of every indigenous and "half castle" child under 16 years of age. This is called the The Western Australia Aborigines Act.
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1909
The NSW Aborigines Protection Act is introduced following crises in public schools. The "crisis" in the public schools was the white community requesting that indigenous children not attend public schooling. There are 22 schools build in NSW for Aboriginal Australians.
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1912
The concept of maternity leave/allowance is brought to Australia and the Aboriginal women are excluded from all aspects of it.
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1915
1915 marks the beginning of Australian involvement in WWI. Aboriginal men go to war even though they are not legally considered Australian, human beings under Australia's current constitution. 400-500 aboriginal children are taken away from their families in 1915.
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1916
The is given powers to remove Aboriginal children without a court hearing. This power is repealed in 1940, when the Board is renamed the Aborigines Welfare Board The a section of the Australian government referred to as the "NSW Aborigines Protection Board" is given the right to remove aboriginal children without a court hearing.
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1918
The Northern Territory Aboriginal Ordinance Act is passed in 1918 stating the following: "Aboriginal people could not drink or possess or supply alcohol or methylated spirits, could not come within two chains of licensed premises, have firearms, marry non-Aboriginal people without permission or have sex across the colour line"
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1934
Under the Aborigines Act, Indigenous Australian's can apply to ‘cease being Aboriginal’ and have the same rights as ‘whites’.
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1937
Indigenous Australians who are of mixed descent, often referred to as "half castles", are mandated to mix into "white society" whether they want to or not. All "black aboriginals" must stay on reserves.
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1939
The first mass indigenous protest occurs. 150 Indigenous Australians pack up and leave Cummeragunja Aboriginal Station in protest of the cruel treatment. This event was named 'The Cummeragunja Walk Off".
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1944
A certificate is introduced to the Indigenous Australians exempting them from consuming alcohol, voting and interacting with people who are not also exempt. They refer to the certificates as "dog tags.
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1949
Under the the Commonwealth Citizenship and Nationality Act declares Indigenous people to be Australian citizens, they are given the right to vote.
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1951
The Australian Government convenes and decides to assimilate the Aboriginal Australians as they officially adopt an assimilation policy
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1959
Margaret Williams is the first Aboriginal university graduate with a diploma in physical education
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1967
A referendum is passed allowing aboriginal people to be accounted for in the census. More than 90% of Australia's population votes "YES".
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1975
Racial Discrimination Act is passed in the federal parliament
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1983
The government passes Aboriginal Land Rights Act in recognition of displacing aboriginal communities. They give the Indigenous Australians land tax funding as compensation.
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1998
Prime Minister John Howard refers to the government's dark history with the Indigenous Australians as a mere ‘blemish’. Indigenous members of in the audience stand and turn their backs in protest.
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2004
The National Indigenous Council (commonly known as N.I.C.) is officially selected to be an advisory body to the Australian government.
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